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Recommender Systems Series

A comprehensive guide to recommender systems—from collaborative filtering fundamentals to neural networks, graph-based methods, and production deployment at scale.

What you'll learn: Build modern recommendation engines from scratch. Master collaborative filtering, matrix factorization, deep learning architectures (NCF, transformers, GNNs), contextual bandits, causal debiasing, and production system design. Real implementations with code and best practices.

15 articles • 6 modules • Coming soon

Module 1: Foundations

1.Introduction to Recommender Systems

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Types of recommender systems, key concepts, and real-world applications across industries.

Content-BasedCollaborative FilteringHybrid SystemsUse Cases

2.Collaborative Filtering Basics

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User-based and item-based collaborative filtering, similarity metrics, and handling sparse data.

User-Based CFItem-Based CFCosine SimilaritySparsity

3.Content-Based Filtering

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Feature extraction, TF-IDF, user profiles, and building content-based recommenders.

TF-IDFFeature EngineeringUser ProfilesCold Start

Module 2: Matrix Factorization

4.Matrix Factorization & SVD

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Singular Value Decomposition, low-rank approximations, and latent factor models.

SVDLatent FactorsDimensionality ReductionALS

5.Advanced MF: BPR & Implicit Feedback

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Bayesian Personalized Ranking, implicit feedback signals, and handling missing data.

BPRImplicit FeedbackRanking LossNegative Sampling

Module 3: Deep Learning for Recommendations

6.Neural Collaborative Filtering

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Multi-layer perceptrons for user-item interactions, embedding layers, and NCF architecture.

NCFEmbeddingsGMFMLP

7.Deep Factorization Machines

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Factorization Machines, DeepFM, xDeepFM for feature interactions and CTR prediction.

FMDeepFMxDeepFMCTR Prediction

8.Sequential & Session-Based Models

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RNNs, GRU4Rec, SASRec, and transformer-based recommenders for sequential patterns.

GRU4RecSASRecBERT4RecSession-Based

Module 4: Advanced Architectures

9.Graph Neural Networks for RecSys

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Graph convolutions, LightGCN, PinSage, and leveraging user-item graph structure.

GCNLightGCNPinSageGraph Embeddings

10.Two-Tower & Multi-Task Learning

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Dual encoders, retrieval-ranking pipelines, and multi-objective optimization.

Two-TowerDual EncodersMulti-TaskMMoE

Module 5: Context & Personalization

11.Contextual Bandits & Exploration

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Multi-armed bandits, contextual bandits, Thompson Sampling, and exploration-exploitation tradeoff.

MABContextual BanditsThompson SamplingUCB

12.Causal Recommendation

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Debiasing recommenders, causal inference for recommendations, and counterfactual evaluation.

DebiasingCausal ModelsIPSCounterfactual Eval

Module 6: Production & Evaluation

13.Evaluation Metrics & A/B Testing

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Precision@K, NDCG, MAP, diversity metrics, and online A/B testing for recommender systems.

Precision@KNDCGMAPA/B TestingDiversity

14.Scalability & System Design

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Candidate generation, ranking, retrieval systems, and serving recommendations at scale.

Two-Stage RankingANN SearchFeature StoresReal-time Serving

15.Fairness, Ethics & Cold Start

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Fairness in recommendations, filter bubbles, bias mitigation, and solving the cold start problem.

FairnessBias MitigationFilter BubblesCold Start Solutions

This series covers both theory and practice, with implementations in Python using PyTorch, TensorFlow, and libraries like Surprise, LightFM, and RecBole. Each article includes code examples and exercises.